Bacterial cultures exposed to 2.45 GHz radiofrequency radiation showed significantly increased ROS generation (approximately two-fold for total intracellular ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide radicals) versus sham/control. Exposure was associated with me…
In primary mouse DRG cultures, pulsed 3.5 GHz GSM-like RF-EMF exposure under non-thermal conditions was associated with a significant time-dependent reduction in cell viability and increased ROS. The study reports increased Bax and caspase-3, decreased Bcl-2,…
Compared with controls, rats exposed to 2.45 GHz EMF (3 V/m; SAR 0.00208 W/kg) for 1 hour/day for 60 days showed increased VEGFA gene expression and VEGFA protein levels, with no significant change in HIF1A gene expression. Histology showed reduced seminifero…
Musculoskeletal symptom prevalence over the last 12 months was reported as highest in the high-frequency magnetic field (HF-MF) group, with the highest ENMQ prevalence in the low back (77.5%, n=31) and shoulder (50%, n=20). WHOQOL-Bref mean scores were lower …
In survey-weighted fully adjusted models, high screen exposure was associated with increased odds of type 2 diabetes (OR 3.47, 95% CI 2.74–4.36). Sleep duration was not independently associated with type 2 diabetes, while diagnosed sleep disorders were associ…
In a case-control study, prolonged nighttime device use (>4 h), high blue-light display patterns, and use of nightlights during sleep were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents, independent of demographic and sleep-related factors; …
The review states that blue-rich display emission in the 450–480 nm band, particularly with evening exposure, can suppress melatonin via melanopsin-mediated ipRGC pathways and perturb circadian timing, potentially attenuating digital therapeutic efficacy. It …
This narrative review reports that prolonged and inappropriate mobile phone use, especially in the evening/pre-bedtime period, is associated with circadian rhythm disruption (described as blue light–induced melatonin suppression) and with delayed sleep onset,…
In a cross-sectional survey of 463 undergraduates in the UAE, 35.4% reported a diagnosed eye disorder and common symptoms included headaches (43.8%), neck/back pain (38.2%), eye strain (37.6%), and dry eyes (37.1%). Symptom scores were higher among females an…
In a single healthy volunteer, ultrasonography of the popliteal vein appeared normal pre-exposure. Five minutes after placing an idle but active smartphone against the knee for 5 minutes, the vein lumen appeared coarsely hypoechoic with sluggish flow, describ…
MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts exposed to calibrated RF radiation showed the most pronounced adverse cellular effects at 150 μW/cm, including reduced viability, increased lipid peroxidation, disrupted redox balance, impaired mitochondrial function, and disturbed iron h…
In human cortical organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells, radiofrequency (800–2,400 MHz) exposure regulated differentiation of human and non-human primate radial glia progenitors, maintaining stem cell identity and delaying differentiation. Neurons…
Compared with sham, offspring prenatally exposed to 2.45 GHz RFR showed significant increases in thyroid fibrosis, atypical thyrocytes, degenerated follicles, and colloid reduction at 1 year of age. The exposed group also had higher apoptosis-positive cell pe…
In fully adjusted multinomial logistic regression models, >60 min/day of mobile phone conversations was associated with higher odds of confirmed invasive breast cancer (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.02–11.97) and suspected status (OR 10.84, 95% CI 2.29–51.41) compared wi…
Male offspring prenatally exposed to 3.5 GHz RFR (2 h/day) showed reduced seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial height and lower Johnsen scores in the full-gestation exposure group versus sham. Abnormal sperm morphology increased, and both exposure grou…
Rats exposed to 4G radiation (2350 MHz, 2 h/day for 56 days) showed decreased sperm viability, reduced testosterone, reduced total antioxidant capacity, and decreased sperm mitochondrial function, with increased sperm lipid peroxidation and sperm abnormality.…
Seedlings exposed to 2850 MHz EMF-r for 7 days showed dose-dependent reductions in root and shoot length and biomass versus controls, along with significant decreases in chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Exposure was associated with increased phenolic, flav…
In healthy and diabetic rats exposed to 3.5-GHz RFR (whole-body SAR 37 mW/kg; 2 h/day for 1 month), blood and adipose nesfatin-1 decreased (p=0.002) and blood and pancreatic insulin decreased (p=0.001). Ghrelin (p=0.020), irisin (p=0.020), and blood glucose (…
In mice, exposure to 3.5 GHz RFR at 50 W/m for 1 h over 35 days induced anxiety-like behaviour and was accompanied by NLRP3-dependent neuronal pyroptosis in the CA3 region of the dorsal hippocampus. The RFR group also showed divergent gut microbial compositio…
Mice whole-body exposed to multi-frequency RF (0.9/1.5/2.65 GHz) at 4 W/kg for 2 h/day for 4 weeks showed anxiety-like behavior but not severe depression. Neurotransmitters (GABA, DA, 5-HT) decreased, ACh was not significantly changed; cortical BDNF/TrkB/CREB…
